# CONSTITUTION 2
## Demosciocracy rebuilt from the territory — detailed working version
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## HOW TO READ THIS TEXT
Constitution 2 takes up and completes the first Constitution, the Preface and the page on the Executive of demosciocracy.com. It rebuilds them in the natural order of power: from the base towards the summit, starting with the territory.
- **Part I** (articles 1 to 13) contains the founder's text: his Constitution, his Preface, his page on the Executive and the decisions taken since. A few boxed passages in it bear the mention **Claude's Vision**.
- **Part II** (articles 14 to 24) contains **Claude's supplementary vision**, added at the founder's request. These are proposals: the members discuss them, vote on them, accept them, amend them or reject them. Nothing enters the Constitution definitively without their agreement.
- **The appendix** describes how the members discuss and vote.
- **The last section** gathers the points to be decided.
Private work, profit sharing and property are not settled here: they will be settled by laws on labour and property (article 13).
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# PREAMBLE
## Preface
For millennia, peoples have sought the best way to live together.
Civilisations have succeeded one another. Kingdoms, empires, republics and democracies have each brought progress, but also their limits. No system has managed to guarantee lastingly the freedom, equality, justice, truth and happiness of peoples.
Humanity today faces unprecedented challenges: globalisation, scientific development, artificial intelligence, economic crises, conflicts, depletion of resources, loss of trust in institutions and a growing distance between citizens and the centres of decision.
These challenges call for new thinking.
Demosciocracy is a proposal for governance that places the territory, responsibility, competence, permanent control of institutions and citizen participation at the heart of political organisation. It does not claim to erase history. It learns from the successes as well as the mistakes of the systems that preceded it, in order to open a new path.
Power is not a property. It is a temporary mission entrusted by the community in the service of the common good. Every citizen is called upon to become, during his or her life, an actor in the governance of his or her territory, not to dominate, but to contribute to the development of the community.
The progress of a nation is measured not only by its material wealth, but also by the quality of its education, its justice, its research, its economy, its environment, its security and the respect given to each person.
This text is not presented as a definitive truth. It is an invitation to reflect, to debate and to build collectively a political organisation capable of meeting the challenges of the 21st century and of future generations.
## The motto
**FREEDOM — EQUALITY — TRUTH**
**Freedom**, because no human being can fully realise himself or herself without being free to think, to create, to work and to undertake, while respecting the rights of others.
**Equality**, because every citizen has an identical dignity before the law and must be able to take part in the life of the city without privilege of birth, fortune or political affiliation.
**Truth**, because no lasting society can prosper if public decisions rest on lies, manipulation or disinformation.
**No one is master, no one is weak.**
## The fundamental principle
Power belongs neither to parties nor to a permanent political class. It is exercised temporarily by competent citizens and professionals, under the permanent control of the institutions and the territories.
Demosciocracy is an organisation of society founded on the power of the people, knowledge, experience, competence, responsibility and the pursuit of the common good. It organises society from its base: the citizen, human activities, the district and the territory.
Balance is born of the division of powers: the territory is divided into districts, the country is divided into two chambers, management is separated from representation, and no person decides alone.
## The twelve foundations
1. Individual freedom is the first right.
2. Equality before the law is absolute.
3. Truth is sought before any public decision.
4. Justice is independent and accountable.
5. No power may become permanent.
6. All powers control the others.
7. The territory is the basis of all representation.
8. Competence takes precedence over political affiliation.
9. Representatives return to their profession after their term.
10. Decisions must lastingly improve the lives of citizens.
11. Future generations must be taken into account.
12. Knowledge and experience must guide decisions.
## The chain of power
**Citizens and corporations → Districts → Territory Councils → Chamber of the People and Chamber of Corporations and Services → Leadership team.**
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# PHILOSOPHY OF CIVILISATION
## Principle — Freeing human time
The purpose of robotisation and androidisation is to progressively free human beings from work that is arduous, repetitive or needed solely to satisfy material needs.
The time thus freed belongs to the human being.
Everyone must be able to choose to deepen their knowledge, to study throughout their life, to research, to invent, to create and to take part in perfecting society, the environment and the technologies that serve humanity.
Whoever wishes to devote more of his or her existence to knowledge and research must have the means to do so. Whoever simply aspires to a more serene family, cultural, artistic, sporting or contemplative existence enjoys the same dignity and the same rights.
**Knowledge does not create a superior class. It creates a responsibility towards others.**
Learning is no longer reserved for those who had the opportunity to study in their youth. With a large part of material work taken on by machines, a person can learn at 20, 50 or 80 and continue to bring his or her experience and knowledge to the community.
Androids and artificial intelligences remain instruments in the service of humanity. The increase in their productivity benefits the whole population and does not lead to the concentration of wealth and power in a few hands.
Progress is measured not by the quantity of goods consumed, but by **the improvement of knowledge, freedom, serenity and living conditions of all human beings**, within the limits of the resources that the planet can sustainably provide.
**Automation must not make humans uniform; it must give them back time, and therefore more freedom in the way they lead their lives.**
---
# PART I — THE FOUNDER'S TEXT
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## ARTICLE 1 — THE TERRITORY AND SOVEREIGNTY
### 1.1 — The territory, the basis of power
The territory is the basis of Demosciocracy. It is the fundamental unit of representation, organisation, management and upward transmission of the population's needs.
Power starts from the territory and rises towards the national institutions. This organisation must never be reversed.
### 1.2 — Sovereignty
Sovereignty belongs to the people.
No person, family, organisation, corporation, company, economic or financial power may appropriate it or exercise it lastingly in its place.
### 1.3 — General organisation
For France, the country is organised into:
- **22 regions**;
- **352 territories**;
- **20 districts per territory**;
- that is **7,040 districts** in total.
The district is the basic cell of representation. The territory is the fundamental unit of management.
### 1.4 — The will of the people
The will of the people is expressed as needs arise, through the Territory Councils.
This will is never fixed. It evolves constantly, according to the needs of nature and of the beings who populate the planet.
### 1.5 — The territory does what it can do
The national authority defines the broad lines of the country's general policy and of its external relations. It must not exercise what the territories are capable of organising and managing themselves.
Responsibility is exercised at the level closest possible to the citizens.
### 1.6 — Collegiality
Decisions that commit the community are taken collectively, by a council, and not by a single person.
A council brings together several viewpoints, several experiences and several realities. It decides more rationally than a person alone.
### 1.7 — Execution
Professional managers execute the decisions of the councils. They do not set the orientations alone.
**The council decides. The manager executes. Power comes from the base; management is entrusted to competence; control remains in the hands of the people and their representatives.**
> **Claude's Vision — emergencies.** When the council cannot meet in time (disaster, defence), a small delegation of three or four members acts quickly, then reports to the full council within a short time. Without this rule, collegiality can block an urgent decision.
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## ARTICLE 2 — THE DISTRICT AND REPRESENTATION
### 2.1 — The district
Each territory comprises 20 districts.
The district is the first unit of representation of the population and of the corporations. The citizen takes part in collective life from his or her district.
### 2.2 — Designation
Each district designates by drawing lots:
- **one representative of the people**;
- **one representative of the corporations and activities**.
They represent their district on the Territory Council, which is the foundation of Demosciocracy.
### 2.3 — Length of representation
Representation is exercised for **one year**.
A person who has held this function may not be designated again to the same function before a period of **twenty years**.
This rotation allows the population to take part directly in collective life. It prevents the formation of a profession of representative.
### 2.4 — Participation in the Council
The representatives take part in the work of the Territory Council, in particular during a **weekly session**.
They receive only the allowance corresponding to the time devoted and to the expenses necessary to carry out their mission, under the control of the chambers.
### 2.5 — Representatives keep their trade
Representatives keep their profession. They do not become career politicians.
Representing the population is a temporary mission. Power is neither a profession nor a property.
### 2.6 — Parity between women and men
Women and men have equal access to the responsibilities of Demosciocracy. Appointments respect parity.
The methods of designation, including the drawing of lots, are organised in a transparent and verifiable way, in order to guarantee this equal representation in the bodies concerned.
### 2.7 — The drawing of lots
The drawing of lots is carried out by an electronic system. It is open, verifiable and checkable by all.
### 2.8 — Political parties
Demosciocracy wishes political parties to disappear from the functioning of the institutions.
They are replaced by territorial representation, competence, rotation of responsibilities and permanent control.
**The drawing of lots gives representation to everyone. Rotation leaves it to no one.**
> **Claude's Vision — citizens chosen by lot.** A citizen chosen by lot did not choose this mission. He or she must be trained, supported and protected: see article 19.
---
## ARTICLE 3 — THE TERRITORY COUNCIL
### 3.1 — Composition
Each Territory Council comprises **40 members**:
- **20 representatives of the people — 50%;**
- **20 representatives of the corporations — 50%.**
Equality between these two representations is a fundamental principle of Demosciocracy. It must never be reversed.
### 3.2 — Mission
The Council gathers the needs, proposals and information coming from the 20 districts.
It determines the orientations, priorities and needs of the territory. It monitors their implementation.
The representatives chosen by lot in the districts are the reporters from the ground to the Council, like jurors before a court.
The Territory Council is **the eye and the hand of Demosciocracy in the territory.**
It administers exclusively the affairs of the territory.
### 3.3 — Collegial decision
The Council decides collectively. No decision of orientation is taken by a single person.
### 3.4 — Professional management of the territory
The Council recruits a **Director General of the Territory**.
The Director General is not a representative. He or she is a professional recruited for his or her competence, experience and management ability.
He or she heads the services of the territory, recruits his or her directors with the approval of the Council and implements the orientations decided by the Council.
### 3.5 — Retention and dismissal of the Director General
The Director General holds no long professional mandate.
He or she remains in office as long as his or her action and results satisfy the Council and the population, and as long as he or she respects the fundamental principles of Demosciocracy.
He or she may be replaced or dismissed at any time in case of dissatisfaction, mismanagement, serious misconduct or failure to respect these principles.
### 3.6 — Representatives to the chambers
Each year, one representative to each of the two chambers is drawn by lot, by electronic system, from among the members of the Council:
- **one representative to the Chamber of the People**, drawn from among the 20 representatives of the people;
- **one representative to the Chamber of Corporations and Services**, drawn from among the 20 representatives of the corporations.
**The Council represents, guides and controls. The Director General directs, manages and executes.**
> **Claude's Vision — term of the Director General.** "No long professional mandate" calls for a precise rule. A maximum term could be set (for example five years), non-renewable in the same territory, with a public evaluation every year.
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## ARTICLE 4 — AUTONOMY, BUDGET AND BALANCE OF THE TERRITORIES
*This article will be reviewed during collective sessions, with other people (article 24).*
### 4.1 — Autonomy
The territory enjoys broad autonomy in the organisation and management of the responsibilities entrusted to it.
It remains master of the use of its means, in compliance with the Constitution and the common rules of the country.
Responsibility must be exercised at the level closest possible to the citizens.
The national authority provides the territories with a budget identical for all territories, which allows the decentralisation of large entities. It must in no case exercise what the territory must organise and manage effectively itself.
*Note: the word "identical" must be clarified, because article 4.2 provides for the same calculation rule, and not an identical sum. This is one of the points to be reviewed in session.*
### 4.2 — Territorial allocation
Each territory receives annually a **national allocation calculated according to a rule common to the 352 territories**.
This allocation takes into account two fundamental elements:
- **the population of the territory**, which determines the number of citizens to whom services must be provided;
- **the area of the territory**, which determines the distances, infrastructure, networks, travel and costs linked to its size.
Equality between territories does not mean the allocation of an identical sum. **It means the application of the same calculation rule to all territories.**
The two chambers determine each year the means available for the following year, according to the country's resources.
The formula for calculation and distribution is **public, simple and checkable by all**.
### 4.3 — Freedom of management
Once its allocation is granted, the territory is master of its use.
The Council defines its priorities according to the needs expressed by the districts, the citizens and the corporations. The Director General organises and carries out this management under the control of the Council.
**The territory receives according to a common rule and manages according to its realities and its needs.**
### 4.4 — Emulation between territories
Demosciocracy encourages positive emulation between the 352 territories.
The quality of their management is assessed in particular according to:
- quality of life;
- satisfaction of the population;
- quality of services;
- efficiency of management;
- savings actually achieved;
- economic and human development;
- the state of infrastructure;
- the quality of the environment.
The **five territories that have obtained the best results** receive an additional bonus the following year. This bonus rewards the quality of management. It may not be financed by a reduction of the normal allocation of the other territories.
**Demosciocracy does not put citizens in competition; it puts the management qualities of the territories in emulation.**
### 4.5 — Equality of the citizen throughout the country
Territorial autonomy may not create fundamental inequality between citizens.
Every citizen may live, work, study, undertake and move freely throughout the country, whatever his or her district or territory of origin. Fundamental rights and freedoms are identical everywhere.
Every citizen enjoys a fair level of essential services: health, education, security, justice, mobility, access to public services. The distribution of resources between territories helps to maintain this balance.
A citizen who leaves one territory to live in another keeps the same rights, the same freedoms and the same protections.
**The territories are autonomous in their management; citizens remain equal throughout the country.**
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## ARTICLE 5 — THE TWO NATIONAL CHAMBERS
### 5.1 — Constitution
The two chambers come from the territories. Each comprises **352 representatives**, one per territory, designated each year according to article 3.6.
Neither of the two chambers dominates the other.
### 5.2 — Chamber of the People
The Chamber of the People directly represents the citizens and the territories.
It conveys to the leadership team the needs, difficulties, expectations and assessments coming from the territories. It controls the action of the leadership team together with the other chamber.
### 5.3 — Chamber of Corporations and Services
The Chamber of Corporations and Services represents the trades, activities, companies, services, know-how, sciences, techniques and other active forces of the country: professional, economic, scientific, agricultural, industrial, medical, educational, etc.
It gathers the needs of the territories and the proposals of the leadership team, and takes part in drawing up the rules necessary for the functioning of the country.
### 5.4 — Common authority and laws
The two chambers decide the laws together. They monitor their application.
Fundamental decisions committing the country require their joint participation.
### 5.5 — Power shared between persons and corporations
Power is shared between persons and corporations, that is to say between those who work and those who create.
### 5.6 — Virtual finance
The stock exchange and financial markets create wealth in a virtual and non-physical way. They have no place in representation.
### 5.7 — Chambers always renewed
Representatives are renewed each year, with overlap. The chambers are therefore continually renewed from the base.
They do not constitute a permanent political class.
### 5.8 — The Joint Indicators Council
A council common to both chambers, elected each year, reports the indicators of the leadership team and of the two chambers.
Its composition and rules remain to be specified.
**The territories send up the needs. The chambers, drawn from the territories, decide. The leadership team applies.**
> **Claude's Vision — disagreement between the chambers.** The two chambers have equal weight: in case of disagreement, a rule is needed. See article 18.
> **Claude's Vision — the corporation.** So that large companies do not dominate the chamber, one person equals one vote, without weight of capital. It remains to define who counts as a corporation: a lone craftsman, a company, a trade union.
---
## ARTICLE 6 — THE LEADERSHIP TEAM
### 6.1 — The candidate teams
National leadership is provided by a **team of 24 people**.
Any team of citizens wishing to put its skills at the service of the country may stand, whatever the number of candidate teams.
Each team presents publicly:
- its programme;
- its objectives;
- its means;
- its national orientations;
- its external orientations.
### 6.2 — Choice by the people
The candidate teams are submitted to universal suffrage in **a single round**.
The **first four or five teams** are retained. The people thus determine the main possibilities.
### 6.3 — Choice by the two chambers
The two chambers examine the retained teams and their programmes.
To be chosen, a team must obtain at least **75% of the votes**, according to the rules common to the two chambers.
The people therefore intervene directly in the initial selection. The representatives of the territories make the final choice.
### 6.4 — Mission
The chosen team leads the country under the control of the two chambers. It applies the laws that the chambers decide.
It is the administrative and operational hand of the two chambers. It directs the national administration, coordinates the major common missions and conveys the national orientations.
It also gathers the difficulties, results and needs that come from the territories, and presents them to the chambers. It may propose adaptations to them, born of its experience of execution.
**Proposing is not deciding.** The decision belongs to the two chambers.
### 6.5 — Stability
The leadership team is placed under the power of the two chambers and renewable by the territories.
It must nevertheless have a certain stability vis-à-vis other countries, in order to keep the country's commitments.
### 6.6 — Duration, control and dismissal
The leadership team may plan its action over a period of between **five and ten years**, in order to have the time needed to carry out its programme.
This duration confers on it no automatic right to remain.
The team remains under the permanent control of the two chambers. It may be dismissed when its programme is not respected, when its orientation is profoundly changed without agreement, when it commits serious misconduct or when it loses the necessary trust.
### 6.7 — Remaining in power
A person in charge remains in office as long as he or she is worthy of his or her mission and carries out the requests expressed by the Territory Councils.
**Duration makes it possible to build; results and trust make it possible to stay. The people express their needs, the team fulfils them, the chambers control.**
> **Claude's Vision — if no team reaches 75%.** Without a rule, the country remains blocked. A second vote of the chambers could be organised between the first two teams, at a lower threshold (for example 60%), with the outgoing team handling current affairs in the meantime.
> **Claude's Vision — term of the team.** The period of five to ten years clashes with foundation 5 ("no power may become permanent"). The term could be capped, made non-renewable and the team renewed by half, to keep continuity without creating permanent power. The dismissal threshold also remains to be set.
---
## ARTICLE 7 — CIRCULATION OF POWER AND INFORMATION
Two complementary circuits organise Demosciocracy.
### 7.1 — From the population to the leadership team
**Citizens and corporations → Districts → Territory Councils → Two chambers → Leadership team.**
This circuit allows realities, needs, proposals and difficulties to rise from the population.
### 7.2 — From the leadership team to the territories
The orientations necessary for the whole country are conveyed to the territories by a coordination organisation. Its officials do not take the place of the Territory Councils or of the Directors General. They ensure the transmission, coordination and control of common missions.
### 7.3 — Movement in both directions
When a national decision meets a difficulty of application, the information rises immediately from the territories to the leadership team, then to the chambers. The team then presents the difficulties observed and may propose adaptations. The decision remains with the chambers.
### 7.4 — Two distinct circuits
The two circuits remain distinct, so that **the rising of the citizens' will is never confused with the transmission of the leadership team's decisions.**
### 7.5 — The regions
The Region never becomes a political level above the territory. It is a relay for organisation, coordination and control of certain major national missions, when an organisation going beyond a single territory is necessary. The territory remains autonomous in its competences.
Thus, for education: the two chambers determine the broad common orientations (fundamental knowledge, national objectives, training requirements, equality between citizens), the leadership team organises their implementation, and the regions provide the necessary coordination and control. The territories send up their realities.
---
## ARTICLE 8 — THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE TERRITORY AND A LIGHT ADMINISTRATION
### 8.1 — The responsibilities of the territory
The territory directly assumes the responsibilities that can be exercised effectively at its level.
It organises in particular the services necessary for:
- security;
- health;
- education;
- the economy;
- infrastructure;
- the environment;
- social life;
- prevention;
- mobility;
- the other essential needs of its population.
The territory adapts its organisation to its realities, while respecting the fundamental rights common to all citizens.
### 8.2 — National structures
National structures do not take the place of the territories when these are capable of exercising a responsibility effectively.
The Constitution must distinguish precisely what really falls under the national level and what remains the responsibility of the territories.
### 8.3 — A light administration
Demosciocracy avoids the multiplication of administrations, bodies, commissions and agencies whose functions overlap.
Every administrative structure corresponds to an identifiable and necessary mission. A body that no longer has demonstrable usefulness, that duplicates an existing structure or whose function can be performed by another, may be abolished.
**The administration is a tool in the service of the population, and not an organisation intended to ensure its own permanence.**
### 8.4 — Digital technology in the service of the administration
Digital technologies and artificial intelligence can automate a large part of administrative tasks, checks and exchanges of information.
The objective is twofold: effective control, and a considerable reduction of unnecessary formalities for citizens and companies.
---
## ARTICLE 9 — JUSTICE, SECURITY AND COMMON RULES
Justice is independent and accountable.
Justice and security are accessible as close as possible to the population. The territory takes part directly in their organisation and has the means necessary for their functioning.
Fundamental freedoms, the equality of citizens and the principles of Demosciocracy are common to the whole country. No territorial rule may infringe them.
**Proximity gives the territory the capacity to act; the Constitution guarantees the citizen equal rights everywhere in the country.**
> **Claude's Vision.** The text announces an independent justice but does not describe its organisation. See article 17.
---
## ARTICLE 10 — COMMON DEFENCE
Defence is a responsibility common to the whole country.
It nevertheless keeps a permanent link with the territories and their populations. Its human and material resources are distributed in the territories according to needs, while remaining coordinated at national level.
Citizens working in defence trades are an integral part of the corporations and take part in their representation according to the same principles as other activities.
Defence falls under the orientations and control of the two chambers. Its operational implementation is entrusted to the leadership team and to the competent professional structures.
Other major common functions may follow a comparable organisation, when the interest of the whole country requires unity of operation.
---
## ARTICLE 11 — RESPONSIBILITY, CONTROL AND DISMISSAL
### 11.1 — Responsibility
Every person holding a responsibility gives an account of his or her action. Every person in charge may be replaced or dismissed according to the rules of Demosciocracy.
### 11.2 — Collegiality
Fundamental decisions are taken collectively, by the councils and the chambers. Professional managers execute.
### 11.3 — Retention
Professional managers remain in office as long as their action is positive, their results are satisfactory, they keep the necessary trust and they respect the fundamental principles of Demosciocracy.
Dissatisfaction of the Councils, the Chambers or the population may lead to a review of their retention.
### 11.4 — Dismissal
Serious misconduct, corruption, abuse of power or violation of the fundamental principles may lead to dismissal, according to a procedure that makes it possible to establish the facts.
**No responsibility confers a permanent right to exercise power.**
---
## ARTICLE 12 — PUBLIC FINANCES
### 12.1 — Collection
The leadership team organises, under the authority of the two chambers, the collection of national resources.
The level of levies is limited to what is necessary for the functioning of the missions decided collectively.
### 12.2 — Allocation and redistribution
Revenues are allocated and redistributed according to transparent rules, which allow:
- the functioning of common services;
- national missions;
- the means necessary for the territories;
- the indispensable solidarity between the different parts of the country.
The chambers determine the rules and monitor their application. The leadership team collects, administers and redistributes in accordance with these decisions.
### 12.3 — Control
Computer systems and artificial intelligence allow permanent control of financial flows and reduce administrative costs, **without multiplying the constraints weighing on companies and citizens.**
> **Claude's Vision.** To protect freedoms, this permanent control must concern public money and institutions, and not the private life of citizens: see articles 15 and 20.
---
## ARTICLE 13 — LABOUR AND PROPERTY
Labour, profit sharing and property are regulated by **laws on labour and property**, distinct from the Constitution.
These laws are in line with the principles of Demosciocracy: freedom, equality, truth, and the refusal to concentrate wealth and power in a few hands.
---
# PART II — CLAUDE'S SUPPLEMENTARY VISION
*The following articles are proposals added at the founder's request. They are not yet the Constitution: the members discuss them, vote on them, amend them or reject them. The figures in brackets are examples to be set.*
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## ARTICLE 14 — TRUTH AND INFORMATION
Truth is in the motto. This article gives it institutions.
### 14.1 — Public indicators
The indicators of the leadership team, of the two chambers and of the territories (quality of life, satisfaction, quality of services, finances, environment) are published regularly, in a language that everyone understands.
### 14.2 — The Joint Council and the independent control body
The Joint Indicators Council (article 5.8) relies on an **independent control body**, composed of citizens chosen by lot and of professionals (statisticians, lawyers, auditors). Its members serve a single term and may be dismissed only for serious misconduct.
This body checks the figures of the leadership team, of the territories and of the two chambers themselves.
### 14.3 — Unalterable archives
Public archives (laws, decisions, budgets, votes, indicators) are kept in several copies, dated, and may be neither modified nor destroyed by anyone. A correction is added to the archive without erasing the original.
### 14.4 — Reasoned decisions
Every public decision is published with its reasons and the details of the vote. The citizen can know who decided, why, and by what majority.
### 14.5 — Access to documents
Every citizen may consult public documents, budgets and contracts, except for limited and justified secrecy (defence, private life, ongoing investigations).
### 14.6 — Protection of the whistleblower
Any person who reports a lie, a fraud or a fault in the institutions is protected against reprisals.
### 14.7 — The prohibition of public lies
No person in charge knowingly spreads false information in the name of the institutions. This rule applies to public officials, not to the free speech of citizens.
### 14.8 — No one rewrites history
No power may rewrite history in its own image. The archives, independent historians and education guarantee the memory of the country, including its mistakes.
**A power that controls the facts controls the people. Truth belongs to everyone.**
---
## ARTICLE 15 — FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOMS AND RIGHTS
### 15.1 — Expression, information and the press
Freedom of expression and information is guaranteed. The press is independent: no institution, no corporation, no economic power holds a monopoly on information.
### 15.2 — Private life and personal data
The citizen is master of his or her private life and data. No institution monitors the private life of citizens.
### 15.3 — Conscience, assembly, association
Freedoms of conscience, assembly and association are guaranteed, while respecting the rights of others. Citizens may gather to discuss Demosciocracy, to defend it or to criticise it.
### 15.4 — To work, create, undertake, move
Every citizen is free to think, to create, to work, to undertake and to move throughout the country (article 4.5).
### 15.5 — No territory may withdraw a right
No rule of a territory, a council or a chamber may abolish these rights. They are identical throughout the country.
**Freedom stops where that of others begins. No institution may abolish it.**
---
## ARTICLE 16 — INTEGRITY AND THE FIGHT AGAINST THE CAPTURE OF POWER
Greed is the first danger of power. The rules must hold even when some seek to get around them.
### 16.1 — Declaration of interests and assets
Every representative and every manager publicly declares his or her interests and assets before and after his or her term.
### 16.2 — Recusal
No one takes part in a decision in a matter in which he or she has a personal, family or financial interest.
### 16.3 — Unexplained enrichment
Any unexplained enrichment of a representative or a manager is examined by the independent control body. Proportionate sanctions are provided for.
### 16.4 — Independence of the vote
No one may give orders to a representative, threaten him or her or sanction him or her for his or her vote.
### 16.5 — Gifts and influence
Gifts, advantages and invitations from persons or organisations interested in a decision are prohibited. Meetings with interest groups are public.
### 16.6 — Waiting period before new employment
After their mission, managers (leadership team, Directors General) may not, for a period (for example three years), work for a company or body that they controlled during their term of office.
**Power is a mission, never a means of enriching oneself.**
---
## ARTICLE 17 — ORGANISED JUSTICE
Foundation 4 announces an independent and accountable justice. This article describes how.
### 17.1 — Judges recruited for their competence
Judges are recruited for their competence, their experience and their integrity. No political power alone chooses a judge.
### 17.2 — The Council of Justice
A Council of Justice appoints, evaluates and, in case of misconduct, sanctions judges. It is composed in equal parts of magistrates and of citizens chosen by lot. The chambers do not make it up.
### 17.3 — Jurors chosen by lot
For the most serious cases, citizens chosen by lot take part in the judgement, just as the district representatives are the jurors of the Territory Council.
### 17.4 — Local justice
Each territory has a justice system accessible to all. An appeal is possible before a national court. Access to justice is free for those who do not have the means.
### 17.5 — The Constitutional Court
A Constitutional Court checks that laws respect the Constitution and arbitrates conflicts between the national level and the territories. Its members are lawyers and citizens chosen by lot, for a single term.
### 17.6 — The responsibility of judges
A judge gives an account of his or her action. Court decisions are public and reasoned.
**No one is above the law, and those who administer it belong to no power.**
---
## ARTICLE 18 — THE TWO CHAMBERS BETWEEN THEMSELVES, AND WITH THE PEOPLE
### 18.1 — Disagreement between the chambers
When the two chambers do not agree on a law, a committee composed in equal parts of members of the two chambers seeks a common text within a set time (for example three months).
If the disagreement persists, the question is referred to the Territory Councils, which give their verdict. No chamber prevails alone.
### 18.2 — The initiative of the territories
A proportion of the Territory Councils (for example one third) may ask the chambers to re-examine a law or to examine a proposal. The chambers must answer publicly.
### 18.3 — Consultation of the people
The people are consulted directly on fundamental questions: revision of the Constitution (article 24), a treaty profoundly changing the country's position, major reforms decided by the chambers.
**The territories send up. The chambers decide. The people settle the fundamental questions.**
---
## ARTICLE 19 — CITIZENS CHOSEN BY LOT: TRAINING, SUPPORT, PROTECTION
A citizen chosen by lot did not choose his or her mission and is not a professional politician. Demosciocracy owes him or her the means to carry it out.
### 19.1 — Training
Each representative receives, before taking office, a short and clear training on the functioning of the institutions, the budget and the reading of indicators.
### 19.2 — Support
Representatives have independent experts (lawyers, economists, technicians) who help them understand the files, without replacing them or deciding in their place.
### 19.3 — Protection of professional life
During his or her mission and on his or her return, the representative gets back his or her job or activity. He or she is compensated for the time devoted (article 2.4).
### 19.4 — Replacement
A representative who is prevented (illness, force majeure) is replaced by drawing lots among eligible persons. Refusal of a mission is a matter to be decided by the members.
**Representation is open to all. It must therefore be possible for all.**
---
## ARTICLE 20 — DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
### 20.1 — Instruments in the service of citizens
Digital technology and artificial intelligence are instruments. A decision that affects a citizen is always taken or validated by a responsible human being.
### 20.2 — Open and verifiable systems
The systems used by the institutions (drawing of lots, voting, calculation of the allocation, control of flows) are open, documented and checkable by the independent body. Anyone can verify a drawing of lots or a calculation.
### 20.3 — Security and sovereignty of data
Public and personal data are protected, hosted in secure and controlled conditions. No foreign or private power may freely dispose of them.
### 20.4 — No surveillance of citizens
Digital control concerns public money and the institutions, never the private life of citizens (articles 12.3 and 15.2).
### 20.5 — For everyone
No citizen is excluded from a public service because he or she is not comfortable with digital technology. A non-digital route always remains available.
**Machines serve humans. They do not govern them.**
---
## ARTICLE 21 — THE ENVIRONMENT AND FUTURE GENERATIONS
### 21.1 — Assessment
Every major decision is accompanied by a public assessment of its effects on the environment and on future generations.
### 21.2 — The limits of the planet
Decisions respect the limits of the resources that the planet can sustainably provide, as provided for by the philosophy of civilisation.
### 21.3 — A guarantor of future generations
A section of the Joint Indicators Council is responsible for defending the interests of future generations. It may alert the chambers and the people.
**What we decide today commits those who will live after us.**
---
## ARTICLE 22 — EXPERIMENTATION AND IMPLEMENTATION
Demosciocracy is a prototype of a new era. It must not be imposed all at once.
### 22.1 — Pilot territories
It may first be implemented in a few volunteer territories, with a Council of 40 members, a Director General and the rules of article 4.
### 22.2 — A public assessment
Each year, the results of the pilot territories are assessed publicly, with their difficulties, their mistakes and their successes.
### 22.3 — A gradual extension
Neighbouring territories join when the members and the inhabitants so decide. The whole country is concerned only after these stages.
### 22.4 — Reversibility
A pilot territory may return to its former organisation if its inhabitants so decide, without sanction.
### 22.5 — Other countries
The figures of the Constitution (districts, territories, representatives) are given for France. Each country adapts these figures to its population and geography, while keeping the principles.
**We experiment on a small scale, we assess in public, we extend with the agreement of the inhabitants.**
---
## ARTICLE 23 — EXTERNAL RELATIONS
### 23.1 — The country's commitments
The country's treaties and important commitments are approved by the two chambers. No secret treaty commits the country.
### 23.2 — A team that represents the country
The leadership team represents the country before other States and conducts negotiations, within the framework set by the chambers.
### 23.3 — Stability
The country's commitments are kept beyond the renewal of teams, so that the country remains a reliable partner (article 6.5).
### 23.4 — Defence
Any military alliance and any decision to commit forces abroad are approved by the two chambers.
**The country speaks with a single voice, but that voice has been decided collectively.**
---
## ARTICLE 24 — REVISION OF THE CONSTITUTION
Demosciocracy is never finished. It must be able to evolve without losing its principles.
### 24.1 — Initiative
A revision may be proposed by the Territory Councils (for example one third of them), by the two chambers, or by the members according to the appendix.
### 24.2 — Adoption
A revision is adopted by the two chambers by a reinforced majority (for example two thirds), then submitted to consultation of the people (article 18.3).
### 24.3 — Intangible principles
Certain principles cannot be revised, because they are the soul of Demosciocracy:
- the motto Freedom — Equality — Truth;
- the sovereignty of the people;
- the territory as the basis of power;
- equality between representatives of the people and of the corporations;
- rotation and the prohibition of any permanent power;
- collegiality of decisions;
- permanent control of all powers.
### 24.4 — Revision of article 4
Article 4 (autonomy, budget and balance of the territories) will be reviewed during collective sessions, with other people, as soon as the members so decide.
**A living Constitution changes in its details and remains faithful to its principles.**
---
# APPENDIX — THE MEMBERS OF DEMOSCIOCRACY
*This appendix does not concern the State, but the movement that is building Demosciocracy. It applies to itself the principles it proposes.*
1. **Joining.** Any person who adheres to the three principles (Freedom, Equality, Truth) may become a member.
2. **Discussing.** Members freely discuss the articles, the proposals and the open decisions.
3. **Voting.** One person equals one vote. Votes and their results are public, with the reasons for the choices.
4. **Deciding collegially.** Decisions are taken collectively. The founder proposes and makes the text known; the members settle the open points.
5. **Nothing without agreement.** No proposal, including Claude's, enters the Constitution without the members' agreement.
6. **Truth first.** Each change is dated, archived and reasoned. Successive versions remain available for consultation.
7. **Data.** Members' personal data are protected. They serve only the life of the movement.
---
# POINTS SUBMITTED TO THE MEMBERS
## A — Claude's visions to accept, amend or reject
**In Part I**
1. Emergencies: delegation of three or four members (article 1).
2. Term of the Director General: capped and non-renewable (article 3).
3. The corporation: one person equals one vote (article 5).
4. If no team reaches 75%: second vote at a lower threshold (article 6).
5. Term of the leadership team: capped, non-renewable, renewed by half (article 6).
**In Part II**
6. Truth and information (article 14).
7. Fundamental freedoms and rights (article 15).
8. Integrity and the fight against the capture of power (article 16).
9. Organised justice (article 17).
10. Disagreement between the chambers, the initiative of the territories, consultation of the people (article 18).
11. Citizens chosen by lot: training, support, protection (article 19).
12. Digital technology and artificial intelligence (article 20).
13. The environment and future generations (article 21).
14. Experimentation and implementation (article 22).
15. External relations (article 23).
16. Revision of the Constitution and intangible principles (article 24).
## B — Open decisions
**Territory and councils**
1. Simple or reinforced majority for serious decisions?
2. Article 4.1: what does "identical budget" mean? A common calculation rule, or an equal sum?
3. The word "district" or "county" for the basic unit?
4. The drawing of lots of representatives to the chambers (article 3.6): the text of the site said "designates from among its members"; the clarification about drawing lots comes from the founder. Should lots be drawn among the 20 of each group, as written?
**Chambers**
5. How is the overlap organised in the annual renewal of the chambers?
6. Composition and rules of the Joint Indicators Council.
7. Who counts as a corporation: a lone craftsman, a company, a trade union?
**Leadership team**
8. Four or five teams retained by the people?
9. How many people in the leadership team: 24, or another number?
10. Term of the team: five to ten years, or capped?
11. Dismissal threshold for the leadership team.
**Justice and defence**
12. Organisation of justice (article 17).
13. Which missions fall under the national level, and which remain with the territories?
**Labour and property**
14. The content of the laws on labour and property (profit sharing, shareholding, fortunes, financing without financial markets) remains to be written.
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